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Preparation of Bis-Aquochromium(II) Acetate, An Air-Sensitive Compound

 

Many inorganic compounds are air-sensitive. Unlike [Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2], which you prepared previously, [Cr2(OAc)4(H2O)2] is one of them. This synthesis will teach you a number of techniques and procedures used in handling air-sensitive materials. All manipulations must be done under nitrogen using either a Schlenk line, a glove box, or both, because the compound is very oxygen- sensitive, especially when wet. The color of your product will be very diagnostive of the care with which you have prepared the compound. In fact, SEVERAL color changes occur during this reaction that are totally indicative of whether the desired reaction has occurred or not.

Note: The procedure below has been modified from the literature preparations. Previous students have determined that addition of mercury(I) chloride is unnecessary and disposal is a serious problem. Massive quantities of zinc are also unnecessary. When using a Schlenk line, be sure that the trap to the vacuum line is filled with isopropanol/dry ice. Grease all joints of the glassware to prevent leaks and frozen joints, but do not use excessive grease!

Add 2.0 g of 30 mesh zinc granules and a stir-bar to a Schlenk tube. Connect the Schlenk tube to the Schlenk line and flush with nitrogen. Add 18 mL of 0.1 M HCl to the zinc, cap the tube with a septum, and let it stir for about 5 minutes. Meanwhile, prepare a solution containing 9.0 g CrCl3.6H2O in 16 mL of 0.2 M H2SO4. Remove the septum under nitrogen pressure, and add the CrCl3 solution. Replace the septum and continue stirring. In the meantime, combine 12.35 g sodium acetate trihydrate and 25 mL of water in a second Schlenk tube. Add a stir- bar and de-gas the solution by flushing the tube and solution with nitrogen. Then cap the tube with a septum. By this time the zinc should have completely reduced the Cr(III) to Cr(II) and the solution should be a bright blue with no traces of green. Transfer the Cr(II) solution to the stirring sodium acetate solution using the cannula, as shown in Picture 1. A brick red precipitate should form immediately. Write the equations for the reactions that have taken place in your notebook.

Picture 1


Under a stream of N2, assemble the apparatus as shown in Picture 2. Carefully flip over the apparatus (try to get as much product into the Schlenk frit as possible). Remove the liquid by applying a vacuum to the lower Schlenk tube and opening the lower stopcock. De-gas 10 mL of ethanol using a fritted glass tube to bubble N2 through the liquid for 4 minutes. Remove the upper Schlenk tube from the apparatus and add the methanol to the product. Swirl momentarily, and then let drain. This removes most of the water. Wash the product with 10 mL of degassed diethyl ether (de-gas in a similar fashion as the methanol). Cap the Schlenk frit with a Schlenk cap and apply vacuum to the Schlenk frit. Wrap electrical tape around the cap and joints of the Schlenk frit to prevent them from blowing off in the dry box. Pre-weigh a large ampule. Put the ampule, a stopcock and rubber tube (make sure the stopcock is open), the Schlenk frit, a spatula, a 100 mL beaker, and a rubber funnel into the antechamber of the glove box. Pull a vacuum for 5 minutes. Backfill with N2 from the box, and pull a vacuum. Repeat this operation two more times. Open up the inside door to antechamber using the gloves and transfer all the materials placed in the antechamber into the glove box. Close the inside door to the antechamber. Now you are ready to transfer the solid into the ampule. Open the Schlenk frit and transfer the solid to the beaker (do not scrape the Schlenk frit too hard). Transfer all of the product except for a small amount to be used for mass spectrometry to the large ampule using the rubber funnel to assist. Slip the stopcock/rubber tube on the ampule, and close the stopcock, as shown in Picture 3. Now, open the inside door to the antechamber, place all materials that you brought into the glove box into the antechamber, and close the inside door. Now, open the outside door and remove your materials, including the ampule connected to the closed stopcock. Connect the stopcock to the Schlenk line and apply a vacuum. Open the stopcock SLOWLY. Seal the ampule using a gas/oxygen torch. Weigh the ampule and the remaning glass pieces. [NEED TO ADD THE PROCEDURE FOR PREP of MS SAMPLE!]

Picture 2


Picture 3

Required characterization: Mass spectrum.

 

References:
  1. Inorganic Synthesis, Vol. 8, pp. 125-130.


  2. Inorganic Synthesis, Vol. 3, pp. 148-150.


  3. Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements; Pergamon Press: N. Y., 1984; pp. 1200-1205.

 

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