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Many inorganic compounds are air-sensitive. Unlike
[Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2], which
you prepared previously,
[Cr2(OAc)4(H2O)2] is one
of them. This synthesis will teach you a number
of techniques and procedures used in handling air-sensitive materials.
All manipulations must be done under nitrogen using either a Schlenk
line, a glove box, or both, because the compound is very oxygen-
sensitive, especially when wet. The color of your product will be
very diagnostive of the care with which you have prepared the
compound. In fact, SEVERAL color changes occur during this reaction
that are totally indicative of whether the desired reaction has
occurred or not.
Note: The procedure below has been modified from the literature
preparations. Previous students have determined that addition of
mercury(I) chloride is unnecessary and disposal is a serious problem.
Massive quantities of zinc are also unnecessary. When using a Schlenk
line, be sure that the trap to the vacuum line is filled with
isopropanol/dry ice. Grease all joints of the glassware to prevent
leaks and frozen joints, but do not use excessive grease!
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Add 2.0 g of 30 mesh zinc granules and a stir-bar to a Schlenk
tube. Connect the Schlenk tube to the Schlenk line and flush with
nitrogen. Add 18 mL of 0.1 M HCl to the zinc, cap the tube with a
septum, and let it stir for about 5 minutes. Meanwhile, prepare a
solution containing 9.0 g CrCl3.6H2O in 16 mL of
0.2 M H2SO4. Remove the septum under nitrogen
pressure, and add the CrCl3 solution. Replace the septum
and continue stirring. In the meantime, combine 12.35 g sodium acetate
trihydrate and 25 mL of water in a second Schlenk tube. Add a stir-
bar and de-gas the solution by flushing the tube and solution with
nitrogen. Then cap the tube with a septum. By this time the zinc
should have completely reduced the Cr(III) to Cr(II) and the solution
should be a bright blue with no traces of green. Transfer the Cr(II)
solution to the stirring sodium acetate solution using the cannula, as
shown in Picture 1. A brick red precipitate should form immediately.
Write the equations for the reactions that have taken place in your
notebook.
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Picture 1

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Under a stream of N2, assemble the apparatus as shown
in Picture 2. Carefully flip over the apparatus (try to get as much
product into the Schlenk frit as possible). Remove the liquid by
applying a vacuum to the lower Schlenk tube and opening the lower
stopcock. De-gas 10 mL of ethanol using a fritted glass tube to
bubble N2 through the liquid for 4 minutes. Remove the
upper Schlenk tube from the apparatus and add the methanol to the
product. Swirl momentarily, and then let drain. This removes most of
the water. Wash the product with 10 mL of degassed diethyl ether
(de-gas in a similar fashion as the methanol). Cap the Schlenk frit
with a Schlenk cap and apply vacuum to the Schlenk frit. Wrap electrical
tape around the cap and joints of the Schlenk frit to prevent them
from blowing off in the dry box. Pre-weigh a large ampule. Put the
ampule, a stopcock and rubber tube (make sure the stopcock is open),
the Schlenk frit, a spatula, a 100 mL beaker, and a rubber funnel into
the antechamber of the glove box. Pull a vacuum for 5 minutes.
Backfill with N2 from the box, and pull a vacuum. Repeat
this operation two more times. Open up the inside door to antechamber
using the gloves and transfer all the materials placed in the
antechamber into the glove box. Close the inside door to the
antechamber. Now you are ready to transfer the solid into the ampule.
Open the Schlenk frit and transfer the solid to the beaker (do not
scrape the Schlenk frit too hard). Transfer all of the product except
for a small amount to be used for mass spectrometry to the large
ampule using the rubber funnel to assist. Slip the stopcock/rubber
tube on the ampule, and close the stopcock, as shown in Picture 3.
Now, open the inside door to the antechamber, place all materials
that you brought into the glove box into the antechamber, and close
the inside door. Now, open the outside
door and remove your materials, including the ampule connected to the
closed stopcock. Connect the stopcock to the Schlenk line and apply a
vacuum. Open the stopcock SLOWLY. Seal the ampule using a gas/oxygen
torch. Weigh the ampule and the remaning glass pieces. [NEED TO ADD
THE PROCEDURE FOR PREP of MS SAMPLE!]
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Picture 2
Picture 3
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Required characterization: Mass spectrum.
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